History Of New Zealand Public Health Sector Essay

Since 1983 the New Zealand public health sector has undergone four structural transformations. With each change there was a new set of organisations to fund and deliver health services: 1983-1993 Area Health Boards (AHBs); 1993-1997 Regional Health Authorities (RHAs) and Crown Health Enterprises (CHEs); 1998-2001 Health Funding Authority (HFA) and Hospital and Health Services (HHSs); and 2001 District Health Boards (DHBs). These changes were designed to improve health outcomes, increase accountability and efficiency and to reduce escalating health expenditure. In 2001, 21 District Health Boards were established through the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000. DHBs are Crown entities that are responsible to the Minister of Health and funded via a population-based formula by the Ministry of Health. DHBs are required to focus on reducing inequalities among their populations, prioritising health services within budget and providing access to disability support, mental healt h services and primary health care. DHBs are governed by an 11 member committee; seven locally elected, and up to four ministerial appointees, including the Chair. Each Board must have at least two Maori members (they are appointed if not elected). Under the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000, DHBs are required to develop partnerships with Maori by developing formal iwi relationships in their regions. Public health services are split between the 12 Ministry of Health funded (butShow MoreRelatedThe Common Health Inequalities Of New Zealand Essay1744 Words   |  7 Pagestreated fairly in every aspect of human life. Health in humans is the ability of each individual or communities to adapt and cope to challenges in relation to social, physical, or mental aspects. In this paper we will tackle about some of the common health inequalities that most Maoris and non-maoris have experienced while looking for healthcare services, and on how such healthcare inequalities can be reduced. New Zealand has a rich and fascinating unique history, depicting its early settlers from MaorisRead MoreThe Health Care System Of New Zealand Essay1745 Words   |  7 PagesLeadership is mandatory in all industries either it is health care or any other Business. As we already know that leadership is a learning process and without a leader any organization cannot survive. The Health care system of New Zealand has shown the significant changes within past decades and it varies according to historical, political, and social contexts. The history shows that there were huge health differences between the Maoris and non-Maoris, which were due to socioeconomic and lifestyleRead More The Economic Effects Tourism Has on New Zealand Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesThe Economic Effects Tourism Has on New Zealand The following report provides an accurate and informative overview of the nature of tourism, its history and growth, the structure of the New Zealand industry and the impact of tourism from a New Zealand perspective. The report will draw a conclusion which Highlights area of consideration in tourism planning. Conclusion and Recommendations For New Zealand tourism has a lot to offer but at the same time, care has to be taken not to mistreatRead MoreTourism in New Zealand1430 Words   |  6 PagesTourism In New Zealand Executive Summary The following report provides an accurate and informative overview of the nature of tourism, its history and growth, the structure of the New Zealand industry and the impact of tourism from a New Zealand perspective. The report will draw a conclusion which Highlights area of consideration in tourism planning. Conclusion and Recommendations For New Zealand tourism has a lot to offer but at the same time, care has to be taken not to mistreatRead MoreHealth Promotion And Its Effects On The Wellbeing1673 Words   |  7 PagesHealth is usually a complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of a disease or infirmity. In current century people inherits good health, or some may have sickness at times or some may have serious illness. As the lifestyle changes, so does the people’s health changes (Human Kinetics, n.d). By having good health helps people to fully get involved in their communities and also to participate in different activities among the community. Health promotion is the procedureRead MoreThe Role Of District Health Boards In New Zealand1396 Words   |  6 PagesHealthcare in New Zealand is delivered by various network of organizations and people themselves. Each network within a community has a specific role to play to achieve better healthcare for all New Zealanders. Healt hcare in New Zealand has recently transformed from market based structures to community focused District Health Boards(DHBs). District Health Boards (DHBs) in New Zealand are organisations established by the New Zealand Public Health and Disability Act 2000, responsible for ensuringRead MoreMinistry Of Health Programs For High Tech Medical Services Essay1137 Words   |  5 PagesMinistry of Health provides funding to District Health Boards through vote Health. Each District Health Board provides funding to Public Health Organizations, Hospitals, Community Services, Disabilities sector with in the same district. Health Service Manager works in these public health, 9community settings .They are responsible for running and managing the organization by making ensure that all guidelines ,policies and procedures are followed up as per laid down by government. I am responsibleRead MoreDifferences Between Gender And Social Division Essay1575 Words   |  7 Pages Any society displays a certain degree of inequality. Researches, studies or media analysis in various fields such as history, sociology, philosophy or anthropology highlight the existence of at least one social division at any given time in the history of mankind. The issue raised and analysis below is â€Å"to what extend is social division in Aoteroa New Zealand organised around gender relations†. Gender relation refers to differences that appear in all aspects of men and women lives and how theseRead MoreBrief History Of New Zealand Treaty Of Waitangi 1652 Words   |  7 PagesNelly Lokingan Angiwan 20150632 INTRUDUCTION Brief History of New Zealand The agreement or they called â€Å"Treaty of Waitangi† is a special document for Aotearoa/New Zealand, it is written in two texts English and in Maori. Some Maori argue about this â€Å"Treaty of Waitangi† because they believe that the person who made this has intension or they don’t know the exact word in Maori because the translation in English is different in Maori language. Maori debate that they have 2 types of Treaties. FirstRead MoreGender Discrimination And Its Impact On Society1231 Words   |  5 PagesInequality is a concept which expands over different locations, societies and time in history. It surrounds us in everyday life and has become normalised to the point that one does not pay a second thought. This concept is often not recognised if not for awareness or education on the subject. Yet, it is also important to think about the causes of such outcomes, for example the use of discrimination. This divides people simply based on their race, sex, age and even gender, often making it hard to

Napster Essay - 997 Words

Napster: The Debate Over Copyright Infringement In early 1999, Shawn Fanning, a Northeastern University freshman, created Napster software. That summer he made it available for free through his Napster.com website. Napster is a peer-to-peer technology, which makes it possible for users to freely share their music files through the internet with other users all over the world. Specifically, this is how Napster works: 1.)nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A user sends a request for a song. 2.)nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Napster checks its database of music to see if the song is on the PC hard-drive of another Napster user whose computer is turned on (Note: No music is stored on Napster servers). 3.)nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Napster†¦show more content†¦Among the Biblical standards present in this case are trust, respect, responsibility, fairness, and citizenship. With respect to trust, Napster claims that it has put trust in its users that they will not download or share copyrighted material. Though Napster itself does not steal any copyrighted material, it has been proven that, more often than not, its users do. Napster users have not shown respect for the autonomy of the artists who produce the copyrighted music that they are downloading. Though the company is receiving much criticism, Napster has shown some semblance of responsibility, fairness, and citizenship. Napster has demonstrated responsibility by offering $1 billion to the recording industry to settle its lawsuit. It has demonstrated fairness and citizenship by cooperating with the due process of the law and obeying the commands of the Court. The company was sued, then filed an appeal to the decision handed down by the court, lost its appeal, and finally abided by the court’s ruling. One alternative Napster could pursue would be to work with the music industry to distribute certain sample tracks to the public. These tracks could be distributed royalty-free as promotion for the album, or Napster could agree to pay royalties. A cooperative effort with the music industry has the advantage of being totally legal andShow MoreRelatedNapster Essay633 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿ Intellectual Property Rights in Music: The Napster Issue Starting in the year 1999, a company called Napster opened up a whole new world to the Internet where every song ever made was instantly available to you on your computer for free. It was created by an 18-year-old Northeastern University student named Shawn Fanning. Napster transformed personal computers into servers that shared mp3 files all across the Internet (Mayer, 2008). It became popular very quickly because exchanging mp3 filesRead MoreThe Napster Controversy Essay1160 Words   |  5 PagesThe Napster Controversy From the writings of Burke I get the understanding that he believes that representation is done through the idea of symbols; symbol making, symbol using and symbol misusing. He believes that we use language, that we use it best in a nonverbal way in which we all can understand. And that language verbal or not is the essential key to all representations through any lens or idea. He also believed that we invented the idea of anything to be negative and that weRead MoreNapster: The Devil in Disguise567 Words   |  2 PagesSound recordings stepped into new hands known as Napster. Napster, to other sound recording companies, was like the devil in disguise, ruining the sound recordings profits and business. Napster started something for consumers but soon came to an end. What is Napster? According to SearchCIO, Napster is a controversial application that allows people to share music over the Internet without having to purchase their own copy on CD. Not only that, Napster allowed people to download the music on to theirRead MoreNapster Revolution Case609 Words   |  3 PagesManagement03 Paper 1. The legal issue involved in this case is the piracy of music from various artists that is easily accesible to everybody from the website called â€Å"Napster†. The moral issue in this case is the music being stolen according to the music companies or the music was just being borrowed by people all over the internet according to Napster supporters. The difference between the two is the legal issue is based on actual evidence like there is a law imposed about this case while the moral issueRead More The Rise and Fall of Napster Essay1292 Words   |  6 Pages The Rise and Fall of Napster It started as an accident. Shawn Fanning was just experimenting and thinking of an easier to go through a search engine for music. What was a simple idea turned out to be a phenomenon in the Internet world. The creation of Napster led to many problems and brought about new issues that involved the entertainment industry and piracy laws. Napster is a software where a compilation of all of its user’s files are held in a central unit and each user is able to useRead MoreNapster Case Study Essay examples1772 Words   |  8 PagesNapster amp; MP3: Redefining The Music Industry Introduction Napster was the first, very innovative music technology application that allowed users to download MP3 from the internet and other peers for free, or at a cost. Napster strongly adapted the word sharing and put it their own terms to avoid any copyright infringement but it ended badly on their part. This disruptive technology was leading the market and had over 60 million users by 2001. Although very similar technologies were soonRead MoreThe Legal Issue with Napster and the Music Industry Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesThe Legal Issue with Napster and the Music Industry The issues that will be slugged out in federal district court in San Francisco sound a little too pop culture to be all that serious. How many music CDs are people buying these days in record stores throughout the nation because of Napster? Is the technology that Napster uses legal? Napster is, of course, the wildly popular file-sharing service whose 20 million users have downloaded some half a billion songs--most copyrighted for free. Read MoreDigital Music Distribution: Napster Vs. Kazzaa Essay example1735 Words   |  7 Pagesresistant to and others hover ambiguously over the boundaries of copyright law, attracting users through questionable means. Roxios Napster 2.0 and Altnets Kazaa utilize two vastly different business models and, when compared, serve as a good illustration of the contrasting approaches companies use to capture the frontier market of online music distribution. Napster allows major labels to retain their strong grasp on the industry by primarily providing and featuring the product of major labels (andRead MoreThe Music Industry Became Aware Of Napster After John Fanning s High School Nickname1262 Words   |  6 Pages In June of 1999 Shawn Fanning, John Fanning, and Sean Parker created an independent peer-to-peer file sharing website called Napster, Named after John Fanning’s high school nickname. A peer-to-peer (P2P) service allows access to media files like movies, music, books and games by using a certain program that connects to other computers on the same network, meaning that when someone downloaded a file it was coming directly from another person’s computer. The website was specifically designed to transferRead MoreEssay on Free Music Allowed on the Internet?1222 Words   |  5 Pagesthe websites to court, saying that it is copyrighted, and that they do not have the permission to be using it. Napster is an example of what will happen. In Jon Pareless article, Envisaging the Industry as the Loser on Napster, he says how Napster had to stop letting users copy recordings that copyright holders did not want shared. The Recording Industry Association of America sued Napster and forced the website to shut down. The thing that they are not realizing is that since it was started in 1999

How New Zealand Agriculture Affects Our Environment Essay

Introduction: During the pioneering era when both Maori and Europeans settled, 85% of lowland native forests were devastated, numerous species became extinct, wet lands were drained and huge quantities of New Zealand soil was damaged due to different agricultural processes. New Zealand’s leading environmental problems are based around agriculture, and these problems are not only in the past but the present and they are not stopping but actually continuing to degrade New Zealand’s natural resources (Ecologic, 2016). The following report will contain information from several different sources on the subject of how New Zealand Agriculture holds responsibility for their effects on the environment, and what effects are actually being caused by the industry. It will be describing how New Zealand’s agriculture industry affects our environment, limitations and constraints for the future, the implications the industry is currently facing alongside the future implications, and then abou t the procedures that helps to prevent the negative effects. The main objective is to focus on if the agriculture industry is aware of their effect and to see if it is trying to minimize negative environmental consequences to the country. 1.0 Water Quality 1.1 Water Quality is the biggest negative effect created by agricultural industries. In New Zealand’s wetter regions, farmers often drain wetlands to ensure soils are dry enough for cropping and stock. Land drainage leads to ecological losses of theShow MoreRelatedWhat Is The Sustainable Supply Chain?1331 Words   |  6 Pagesoriented factors concentrate on waste and pollution[1]. In New Zealand, natural environment provides various benefits such as high quality of life, tourism attraction and basis for the country’s large exports of agriculture. Water pollution and climate change are the main concerns of the country as the New Zealand GHG emissions per capita and per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) are among the top five countries in the OECD . New Zealand unconditional target under the UNFCCC is to reduce the amountRead MoreEssay On New Zealand1151 Words   |  5 PagesNew Zealand is located 40.9006 South, 174.8860 East. It is close to Australia and a little w ays away from the tropic of Capricorn. New Zealand has many similarities culturally and socially to Australia, though some of the differences include GDP and population, which is greater in Australia. Australia also has less debt than New Zealand, with 15% of GDP being debt with 20.7% of the GDP being debt in New Zealand. New Zealand’s GDP being 4.8% agriculture, 26% industry, and 69.3% services (as of 2007)Read MoreHow Climate Change Affects Fruit Production Essay1334 Words   |  6 Pages THE FRUITS OF OUR CHANGING CLIMATE How Climate Change Affects Fruit Production INTRODUCTION GLOBAL: THE APPLE Apples, one of the most common fruits in the world, according to a study that was published in PLoS One, a peer-reviewed journal, may become more expensive or not possible at all in some areas, due to rising winter temperatures. Evan Girvetz, a Nature Conservancy climate scientist and co-author of the study, says: â€Å"†¦many fruit and nut trees, such as cherries, applesRead MoreWorld Geography Level 1 : New Zealand1813 Words   |  8 PagesGeography Level 1 New Zealand the Land of Culture 22 December 2015 New Zealand has culture that has been there years ago. Recently there has been a new group of people that has changed not only the government, but have limited the natives to land. They also have killed these people off from the disease that they brought as well. Today the Maori or the native group had less than ten percent of the population. Agriculture was the base economic activity New Zealand. Today they are a majorRead MoreEssay about Food Miles673 Words   |  3 Pagesthe store where you buy it, and these miles are costly to the environment. They are among the fastest-growing sources of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. The concept of food miles started in the early 1990’s in the United Kingdom .The more the food miles that are attached to a particular food, the less sustainable and the less environmentally the food is desired. Professor Tim Lang at the Sustainable Agriculture Food and Environment (SAFE) was the person behind conceiving the food miles, whichRead MoreClimate Change in New Zealand1682 Words   |  7 PagesLloyd Auckland New Zealand. Abstract New Zealand is known globally for its clean, green image, but climate change, the build up of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, through the burning of fossile fules has been predicted to negatively impact New Zealand in many ways. Environmentally, temperatures and sea levels will rise, along with the frequency of extreme weather conditions such as droughts. The increased frequency of droughts will have a significant impact on the New Zealand economy due toRead MoreWhat Are The Three Orbital Properties Of Earth1688 Words   |  7 PagesEarth. If all three of the Earths orbital properties lineup and result in us (the planet) being at maximum distance from the sun (but still in our orbit)†¦ Rapid cooling of the planet will occur. Same goes for the opposite, if all three of the Earths orbital properties lineup and result in us (the planet) being at minimum distance from the sun (but still in our orbit)†¦ the planet will significantly heat up. In the two diagrams above, show the ice mass of both Antarctica and Greenland (Antarctica onRead MoreWater Pollution Through Urban and Rural Land Use and Freshwater Allocation in New Zealand1775 Words   |  8 PagesWater pollution through urban and rural land use and freshwater allocation in New Zealand New Zealand has 425,000  kilometres of rivers and streams, almost 4,000  lakes larger than 1  hectare in size, and about 200  groundwater aquifers (Ministry for the Environment, 2010). By international standards, freshwater in New Zealand is both clean and in good supply. However, some aspects of water quality are getting worse in areas dominated by intensive land use. Demand for water is increasing, particularlyRead MoreTourism Planning And Development Of Sustainable Development Essay1551 Words   |  7 Pagesa lot of concepts and issues of sustainable development when it comes to social, economic, and most importantly maintaining and protecting the environment. There are many meaning things of sustainability concept to different people. Verisimilitude, the idea of sustainable development increased from numerous environmental change in earlier decennium. But how are we going to develop these issues in order to increase the tourism impacts and sectors for tourism planning to face the future, and why sustainableRead MoreShould We Be Importing Food from Abroad?1223 Words   |  5 Pagesthrough greenhouse gas emissions: chemicals for fertilizing, planes, trains, ships and Lorries for transporting, etc. And with the world’s resources slowly running out, there is increasing conflict over the increased choice of foods we enjoy and how sustainable our agricultural system is. So what side are you going to take over food imports from overseas, especially with exporting countries developing? Over 95% of all of the UK’s food are cheap imports from overseas. Like vegetables and fruit from North

Introduction to Marketing - 890 Words

Assignment brief – QCF BTECAssignment front sheet | Qualification | Unit number and title | BTEC Level 3 90 credit Diploma in Business | 3 Introduction to Marketing | Learner name | Assessor name | | Julie Flavell | Date issued | Hand in deadline | Submitted on | | | | | | Assignment title | Market Segmentation | In this assessment you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria. Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found. | Criteria reference | To achieve the criteria the evidence must show that the learner is able to: | | Task no. | | Evidence | P5 | Explain how and why groups of customers are targeted for selected products | | 1 | | | P6 |†¦show more content†¦Why have you chosen this product/service? Who is the target market for your product/service? What price will you charge for your product/service? How will you promote your product/service? Where will you sell your product/service? 2. Extend your findings by stating how your product/service has been designed to appeal to the target group. Of all of the elements of the marketing mix used, which is the most important one? Justify your answer. Your evidence will be a proposal. | Evidence checklist | [Summarise evidence required, e.g. ‘leaflet’, ‘presentation notes’ etc.] | [tick boxes] | Research Project | | Evidence of research i.e. references | | | | Sources of informationTextbooksBevan J, Dransfield R, Coupland-Smith H, Goymer J and Richards C – BTEC Level 3 National Business Student Book 1 (Pearson, 2009) ISBN 9781846906343Bevan J, Goymer J, Richards C and Richards N – BTEC Level 3 National Business Student Book 2 (Pearson, 2009) ISBN 9781846906350Coupland-Smith H and Mencattelli C – BTEC Level 3 National Business Teaching Resource Pack (Pearson, 2009) ISBN 9781846906367Cave S – Consumer Behaviour in a Week (Hodder Arnold, 2002) ISBN 0340849711Dibb S, Simkin L, Pride W M and Farrell O C – Marketing Concepts and Strategies (Houghton Mifflin (Academic), 2005) ISBN 061853203XHall D, Jones R and Raffo C – BusinessShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Marketing21178 Words   |  85 PagesINTRODUCTION TO MARKETING Current Marketing Fundamentals Course Web Site Background What is marketing? Almost every marketing textbook has a different definition of the term marketing. The American Marketing Association (AMA) uses the following: The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives. From this definition, we see that: MarketingRead MoreMarketing Introduction2405 Words   |  10 PagesMarketing into To make a product appeal to the right person, a marketer would start by segmenting the market, and then target a single segment or a group of segments. Market segmentation is segmenting markets into homogenous groups of consumers, with every group reacting in a different ways to the marketing mix. Market segments should be created in that way that difference in buyer behaviour within each segment is as small as possible. This will hopefully ensure every segment can be targeted usingRead MoreAn Introduction Of Digital Marketing Essay1066 Words   |  5 PagesAn Introduction to Digital Marketing Own Website - Responsive design A responsive web design is a design approach that reinforces the creation of a site with optimal viewing and interaction experience. Site navigation should be easy and reading should be possible with minimal adjustments across a wide range of devises such as the smart phone. A website that is responsive is able to adapt to a viewing layout that incorporates features such as CSS3 media queries, flex images and fluid proportion basedRead MoreP3 Introduction to Marketing1267 Words   |  6 PagesP3 Market Research 24/09/12 P3 Describe how a selected organisation uses marketing research to contribute to the development of its Marketing Plans. Market Research: is the process of gathering, analysing and interpreting information about a market. You can be talking about a product or service to be offered for sale in that specific market and about the past, present and potential customers for the product or service. Market Research Includes: * Primary Research * SecondaryRead MoreIntroduction to Marketing P61296 Words   |  6 PagesDevelop a coherent marketing mix for a new product or service. The target audience I am trying to capture is the whole of North West Kent College. The reason I am trying to capture the whole college is to maximise profits for my business which will then in turn eventually allow me to expand my business. Product/Service; The new service that I am going to start is a cafà © just off of the North West Kent Dartford college campus. This service I will be bringing to the college will be made so thatRead MoreIntroduction to the Concept of Holistic Marketing2531 Words   |  11 PagesHOLISTIC MARKETING Introduction to the Concept of Holistic Marketing Introduction : Definition, What is Marketed, Marketing Concepts, Trends in Marketing Practices   Holistic Marketing : Integrated Marketing, Internal Marketing, Relationship Marketing, Social Responsibility Marketing   Holistic Marketing Mix   Future of Marketing   Conclusion Introduction   Definition   The shortest definition of Marketing Management is Meeting Needs Profitably.   Whose Needs ? - The needs of the people, orRead MoreIntroduction to Marketing Revision Notes8991 Words   |  36 PagesChapter 1: Marketing Principles and Society Definitions: Chartered Institute of Marketing (CIM): The management process of anticipating, identifying and satisfying customer requirements profitably (CIM, 2001) The American Marketing Association: The activity, set of institutions and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. (AMA, 2007) These definitions stress the importance of consideringRead MoreAn Introduction To Mobile Marketing Strategy1521 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Trust plays a major role in mobile marketing and is a critical component in maintaining and developing a healthy brand. For marketers, trust can be quite a challenge. Marketers try to engage customers with consumer conversation over mobile apps and advertising by offering content that is helpful to them and personalizing services. By doing this, they are asking consumers to trust them and give up their personal data, including mobile identifiers. However, marketers still need to useRead MoreIntroduction to Marketing: Red Bull1928 Words   |  8 PagesTopic 1: Introduction to Marketing Red Bull 1. The Product/ Competitors/Industry 1.1 Product Red Bull is a sweet, caffeinated drink aimed to give consumers the high energy kick. Available only in rather expensive 250ml cans, 350ml bottles, with 4 packs and only two ‘flavours’ (original or sugar-free). It contains caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, and B vitamins. Founded in 1984 by Austrian businessman Dietrich Mateschitz, Red Bull has become the worlds leading energy drink, a staple in manyRead MoreMarketing – A Critical Introduction Essay2073 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Considering all the business disciplines available, marketing is usually considered to be probably the least self-critical. Regardless of the every now and then extremely bona fide interest in customer service, Provision of goods and services at costs that are affordable to the populace and implementation of efficient endorsements to push them to purchase merchandise that better fit their needs, wants and requirements, Marketing has not been able since time and memorial to evade the

Malaria Infection and Relatively New Species Free Essays

The Compromise of 1850 is one of the most important compromises in this history of the United States, maybe even the world. The Compromise of 1850 is made up of five bills passed in the United States of America in September 1850, and it terminated a four-year confrontation between the slave states of the south and the free states of the north concerning the position of territories gained during the time of the Mexican-American war which was in 1846-1848. The most important political ramification in the Compromise has to be the Fugitive Slave Act for numerous reasons. We will write a custom essay sample on Malaria: Infection and Relatively New Species or any similar topic only for you Order Now Many historians have argued that the Fugitive Slave Act was very obliging to the abolitionist cause, even though some of the abolitionists did not like its’ provisions. The Fugitive Slave Act was not beneficial to the slaves and it did not help the slaves escape to freedom. The subject matter of fugitive slaves in an intellect became one of the single main influential armaments in the hands of the Abolitionist Movement. The Constitution has an article that says that fugitives from industry must be sent back to the South if they were caught in the North. Also, this gave slavery what people like to call more territory. That meant that it made slavery a global organization. Although the northern states did have the ability to abolish slavery, they could not pass up their own Constitutional priority to enforce the slave laws that were in the southern states. Some fugitives even carried with them the officially authorized status of slavery, even in a territory that didn’t have any slavery at all. In reality, most of the states did not do much about this. That is the reason the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 was enacted, which made the federal government responsible for tracking down and apprehending fugitive slaves in the North, and sending them back to the South. The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850, one might say, was the most powerful exercise of federal authority within the United States in the whole era before the Civil War. The Fugitive Slave Act also had a great amount of features that seemed to terminate some liberties of free Caucasian northerners. The Fugitive Slave Act permitted the federal government to represent citizens, even if that meant against their will, and make them to take part in posses and any other groups to grab a hold of fugitive slaves. Also, it said that limited courts couldn’t give a ruling whether somebody was a slave or not. Federal commissioners would be likely to come in and see and hear the testimony. Also, the slaves were not permitted to testify either. The person who testified was the owner, or the so-called owner, of the suspected fugitive. Then, the commissioner would arbitrate whether the owner of the suspected fugitive’s testimony was actually believable or not, and after that they would send the person back to slavery. The Fugitive Slave Act was a very powerful tool. It was mostly used to gather a great amount of slaves, escaped slaves, or even people who weren’t even considered slaves at all, who were born free and ship them back to the South. The Fugitive Slave Act wasn’t a success due to an effort to keep the Union together. Rather, they focused on differences on the issue of slavery. The act also brought up some very important problems about what it means to trace the direction of law and go after fairness beneath a Constitution that both advertised freedom and permitted slavery. The acts exasperated Northern sensibilities that had turned aligned with slavery. Both, Northern social and legal reaction next to the acts were intimidating and abusive to Southerners. Southerners felt that a few abolitionists in the North, yet some Northern legislatures heartening slaves to rebel, an option that a great amount of Southerners really feared. The Fugitive Slave Act arranged commissioners to go after slaves who had to flee into Free States to capture them and return them to their masters. Because a great amount of Free States disliked being obligated to assist with a scheme they wanted to border and ultimately abolish, they enacted laws intended to limit the efficiency of the commissioners and a great amount of officials declined to assist even though mandated by law to do so. It brought up the stage of public opinion in the North that felt it could not coexist, both half slave and half free. Previous to 1850, if runaway slaves were captured, they were normally killed, and sometimes even tormented in an open exhibit to fright other slaves. Chastisement in the North for Caucasian citizens and free African-Americans who helped during escapes were formally not as cruel normally a fine for the loss of property and a petite prison sentence that might not be enforced. In 1850, consequences became much steeper and incorporated more jail time. Whites, who fortified slaves, which was frequently mandatory along the hazardous direction, could be executed. Back in the South, anybody whether white or black who helped a fugitive, could face fatality. Northern response in opposition to the Fugitive Slave Act was physically powerful and a great amount of states enacted laws that invalidated its’ effect, making it valueless. On top of that, slave gatherers could officially maintain that any African-American citizen they saw was a runaway slave, which not only threatened free African-Americans but infuriated many white citizens. Northerners were shocked by reports of slave gatherers luring young free African-American kids onto boats and departing them to the Deep South. In cases where the rule was put into effect, intimidation or acts of horde aggression often required the send out of federal troops. Citizens convicted of infringing the act were frequently and seriously fined, locked up, or both. The rejection of northern states to put into effect the Fugitive Slave Act was suspected by South Carolina as one cause for its secession from the Union earlier to the start of the Civil War. Any citizen aiding an escapee slave by providing protection, food or any other form of support was legally responsible to six months’ custody and a $500 fine, Â ¬ a pricey consequence in those days. Those officers catching a fugitive slave were permitted to a fee and this encouraged some officers to take hostage free Negroes and wholesale them to slave-owners. If a runaway slave was seen, he or she ought to be detained and turned in to the authorities for banishment back to the rightful possessor down south. It was considered that the Fugitive Slave Act would reduce the incentive for slaves to try to flee. The underlying principle behind this was the slaves’ comprehension that even if they managed to run away from their cultivated area, they could still be captured and brought back by any citizen in the United States of America. Also, the Fugitive Slave Act led to the Civil War. Northerners, who may have been reluctant to go to war over the slavery in the South, were located in a tricky condition by the obligation that they capture African-Americans who had ran from burden and return them to their previous slave-holders. This put Northerners frankly in conspiracy with slavery, and they couldn’t exist with that. In conclusion, the Fugitive Slave Act was not a success at all. Sure it had great intentions, but it just did not work out. This was one of the most contentious acts of the 1850 compromise and heightened Northern worries of a slave power scheme. It confirmed that all fugitive slaves were; upon detain, to be returned to their owners. Abolitionists called it the Bloodhound Law for the dogs that were frequently utilized to track down fugitive slaves. How to cite Malaria: Infection and Relatively New Species, Papers

Aaron Burr Treason Trial Essay Example For Students

Aaron Burr Treason Trial Essay The early 1800’s were an unusual time in the history of the United States. A country in its infancy, growing, turbulent, and filled with intrigue where political and economic fortunes were made and lost overnight. While the country was founded on noble ideasand no doubt these powerful ideas were taken seriouslyhow such ideas were to be put into practice created fertile ground for personal ambition and interest to be a stronger motivator than the â€Å"common good†. In fact, at times it appears that the ideas were little more than vehicles for the personal ambitionsand in the case of this storythe personal vendettas of powerful personalities. Aaron Burr, brilliant, ambitious, and a great orator, was certainly larger than life. And his battles with Thomas Jeffersonno less a dramatic figurelead finally to his trial for treason against the United States. This trial was the culmination of a personal political battle between two great figures where Jefferson would stop at not hing to destroy Burr†¦even if it meant abusing the principles that he himself help enshrine as the basis for the United States. This trial, and the preceding events, are the subject of this paper. Reviewing the facts illustrates that the trial was really more about a vendetta between Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr than the law. Aaron Burr was born in 1756 and was one of the rising stars of the new republic. A rising star many felt was sure to be the President of the young country and to be a distinguished one at that. Burr’s conflict with Jefferson began when they tied for the presidential election of 1800. The election then went to the House of Representatives where Burr rejected Federalist overtures for a coalition, but did not publicly support giving the Presidency to Jefferson. Burr felt that an election should not be won through coalitions and he was especially bitter about the idea of working with the Federalists. Burr, arrogant, confident and trusting in the ‘rightness’ of his position, made no effort to persuade congress to his side. On the other hand, Jefferson quickly established deals with many of the Federalist congressmen to insure their votes and consequently won the presidency. During several depositions following the election it became very clear to the public that Jeffer son had worked with the Federalists in order to secure the election. A founder and the leader of the Republicans had, in the end, sided with the opposition in order to insure his own presidential victory. This political maneuvering to ensure his election made Jefferson look opportunistic and self-serving, and left an enduring black spot on his reputation that was never removed. Jefferson directly blamed Burr, and he would distrust and despise Burr for the rest of his life. A close friend of Jefferson even declared, â€Å"that this fixed the destiny of Colonel Burr†¦ Mr. Jefferson’s malignity toward Colonel Burr never ceased but with his last breathe.† In the end, the election concluded with Jefferson as President and Burr as Vice President. Their personal enmity only grew worse while they were forced to work together in the White House. Jefferson finally ousted Burr from the Republican ticket during his reelection. After this Burr would attempt to run for the gove rnorship of New York, but through clever planning by Alexander Hamilton he would lose this election. This would result in the infamous dual of honor between Burr and Hamilton, in which Hamilton was fatally shot by Burr. Wanted for murder in two states, Burr would then be forced to flee to the west. Thus began the final chapter of his ambitious career. Burr was almost fifty when he arrived in the West for the first time. He was amazed by the amount of untamed land and openness of the western plains, but was most impressed by the incredible isolation . His natural charm and great oratorical skill would serve him well in this untamed land. His uncanny ability to sway small and large groups alikein an land where outsized ideas and ambitions seemed the order of the daywould aid him on the road ahead. Burr came west with no clear idea what to do. He thought he might simply rebuild his legal career, speculate in land, and seek public office. Or possibly construct a canal around the Falls o f the Ohio. But such ideas didn’t quite fit with a man who had been so close to the Presidency of the Republic. It is not known exactly where the idea for a conspiracy came from, but on April 29, 1805 Burr unveiled his plan to lead a revolution in Mexico (still a colony of Spain) over dinner with Herman Blennerhassett. Blennerhassett was a rich landowner who lived on a 300-acre island on the Ohio River and Burr realized that for this plan to succeed it would require a great deal of money, men and other resources . But Blennerhassett wasn’t much for grand foreign adventures and Burr eventually settled on a strategy of swindling Britain and Spain into giving him the money and the troops he needed to revolutionize Mexico. This was difficult from the start, especially since the Spaniards controlled Mexico at the time. Burr’s plan was to lie to both Britain and Spain, telling them he was trying to tear the United States in half, east from west. But instead of breakin g up the country he intended instead to use the money and troops from Spain and Britain to invade Mexico. He outlined the first part of his strategy in a letter to Anthony Merry, the British minister to the US, and Don Carlos Yrujo, the Spanish minister to the US on January 1st, 1806. This letter eventually ended up in the hands of president Jefferson, and would become an important part of the prosecution’s case against Burr in his trial for treason. Burr maintained that he never had any intention of committing treason—it was simply a ruse against two countries that were not particularly popular in the US at that time. Since it was well known at that time that to commit treason you had to actually commit an overt act of treason, not only plan one, Burr claimed (later) that his strategy was a reasonable one. Burr’s grand plan began to fail when he realized he could not obtain the funds he required without the help of both Yrujo and Merry. Both ministers had, unkn own to Burr, discovered his true intentions. This left Burr desperate for funds and with nowhere else to turn except the east coast of the United States (where he was still wanted for murder†¦though nobody seemed particularly interested in prosecuting him). Shortly after his arrival rumors began to spread that Burr was trying to split the East from the West. Jefferson, having received a letter about Burr’s offer to Yrujo and Merry, quickly made a public announcement declaring that he had learned of a conspiracy to split the country and that everyone associated with it should distance themselves as soon as possible (though he never mentioned Burr’s name). Within several days the conspiracy was shattered. Three months later, on January 22nd, 1806, President Jefferson issued a special message to congress saying, â€Å"Aaron Burr was the ‘arch conspirator’ in a treasonous enterprise to divide the nation.† Although Jefferson gave no evidence at this time, Burr’s reputation was ruined and public sentiment would be against him for the rest of his life. There were several important conspirators who helped Burr with his plan. The most important, and a key witness later in the trial against Burr, was General James Wilkinson. General Wilkinson was a corrupt and selfish politician who was always willing to sell himself to the highest bidder. In 1787 Wilkinson swore allegiance to the Spanish crown in order to get the exclusive privilege to sell Kentucky produce in the metropolis of Louisiana. He would later try to separate Kentucky from Virginia, with the idea that upon achieving statehood Kentucky would not join the United States, but would be left free to make plans with its Spanish neighbors. This incident is known as the Spanish Conspiracy and it only becomes more incriminating when it was discovered that Wilkinson was receiving $2,000 a year from the Spanish government. After this Wilkinson would join the army and after on ly eight years, become the ranking general. At this point the Spanish government was paying him $16,000 for his â€Å"services†. It may be that the corrupt Wilkinson was the only real traitor in this story†¦but he hadn’t made Thomas Jefferson his personal enemy. Wilkinson’s role in Burr’s plan was to lead Burr’s army of mercenaries against Mexico. In exchange, Burr would help Wilkinson become governor of the Louisiana territory (which he did) and compensate him with lands gained from Mexico. When Burr’s plan was uncovered, and Wilkinson learned that President Jefferson had heard of the plot, he quickly wrote Jefferson a letter admitting everything hoping to gain indemnity in exchange for testifying against Burr. Jefferson first heard about Burr’s plan on December 1st, 1805. But for a full year he did nothing. This has led many historians to believe that Jefferson may have been involved in a plot to actually frame Burr. It wasnâ⠂¬â„¢t until Jefferson received a letter from the postmaster general on October 16th, 1806, (stating that Burr’s plan was to split the country) that Jefferson made the announcement warning people to distance themselves from the conspiracy. Jefferson hoped that in making a moderate proclamation, and that by not mentioning Burr directly, that he could trap Burr in a more overt act of treason that could be better prosecuted. However by January 22nd, 1807, Jefferson felt that he had gathered suitable evidence to convict Burr and he delivered his message to congress accusing Burr of being the ‘arch-conspirator’ in a Western plot. John Randolph, a congressman, was outraged after hearing Jefferson’s proclamation against Burr and ordered Jefferson to provide evidence for his serious accusations. Jefferson provided several letters that he claimed were all written by General Wilkinson (although, in fact, some weren’t). The letters mentioned both a plot to spl it the West from the East and Burr’s intentions to invade Mexico. Congress was convinced. Three months later on March 30th, 1807, Burr was arrested in Richmond, Virginia, on several charges. The first charge was the misdemeanor of having set forth on an expedition against the dominions of the King of Spain. The second charge was treason for having assembled an armed force for the purpose of seizing the city of New Orleans, revolutionizing Orleans Territory, and separating the Western from the Atlantic states. The warrant for his arrest was written and delivered by Chief Justice John Marshall, who was also a leading citizen of Richmond. Burr went peacefully into custody and awaited the beginning of his trial. Since he was arrested in the jurisdiction of the Chief Justice it was decided that Marshall would preside over the case. This would have a profound effect on the case. Prosecuting Burr was U.S. Attorney George Hay, a decent lawyer but nothing compared to the brilliant leg al minds of the defense. Luckily for Hay however, he received daily letters from Jefferson ( a brilliant lawyer) offering legal advice. Eventually, Jefferson began to dictate the legal strategies of the defense (certainly a questionable action from the Chief Executive). The prosecution planned to convict Burr by using a precedent established in a previous trial. That precedent established that if a treasonous act is in fact committed all persons involved, no matter how small their involvement, are guilty of treason. They planned to show that a group of fifty or so men assembled on Blennerhassett island for a treasonable purpose, and that although Burr wasn’t present at the time, his involvement in the scheme made him guilty of treason. The prosecution was aided by the patently illegal actions of President Jefferson, who at this point was sending blank pardons to Hay and authorizing him to pardon anyone involved in the conspiracy if they would testify against Burr. The defense was made up of Burr himself, Edmund Randolph, John Wickham, and Luther Martin. These men were four of the best lawyers in the country and were all united in one thing, their hatred of President Jefferson. Their legal strategy was to depict Burr as the victim of a Presidential administration that had pursued him relentlessly and that had repeatedly violated his civil rights. Burr also made a request for a subpoena to require Jefferson to deliver several documents, including Jefferson’s correspondence with Wilkinson. The court supported Burr’s request and this created a power clash between the judicial and executive branches. How should the independence of the president be balanced against the rights of an accused to obtain evidence? In the end, however, Jefferson submitted the documents, although he made it very clear that he was only doing so because he deemed the documents did not compromise national security. The trial finally began after a Grand jury indicted Burr on both charges. It took ninety-six prospective jurors before twelve suitable ones could be found. This was because most admitted to a bias against the defendant. The prosecution had indicated they intended to call a large number of witnesses. However, few were actually allowed to testify in court because of objections by the defense or rulings by judge Marshall. For instance, testimony from William Eaton was never allowed because the defense forced him to admit that the government had recently settled a long standing claim for $10,000 which the government only agreed to pay when Eaton agreed to testify. Others were disallowed because of the pardons given to them by Jefferson. Certainly the zeal of the prosecution, driven directly by the President, didn’t help their case. Burr and his colleagues argued two major points. First, no act of treason had ever occurred. Since the definition of treason in the constitution requires an overt act of war against the country and since no act of war was committed then no act of treason existed. Second, arguing against the earlier precedent, since Burr was not even present when the supposed act of treason took place, he clearly could not be guilty. Several days later on Monday, August 31, 1807, Marshall carefully and meticulously delivered a three-hour decision. He ruled that contrary to a previous opinion, actual presence at the island was essential for proof of an overt act; â€Å"To advise or procure treason†¦ is not treason in itself.† The next day the case went to the jury, which ruled â€Å" We of the jury say that Aaron Burr is not proved to be guilty under this indictment by any evidence submitted to us. We therefore find him not guilty.† Jefferson was so outraged by the ruling that he threatened to impeach Marshall, and even took it to congress, but congress never brought the impeachment to a vote. History has made its assessment. Jefferson’s personal hatred of Burr defiantly drove h im to inappropriately pursue, and even illegally conspire to convict, a political opponent. Normally a brilliant and capable lawyer, based on the same facts he never would have brought a case of treason against an unknown man. Moreover, had he not known Burr he would never have let himself get as involved, preferring to let justice take its course. Under the influence of his patriotism, Jefferson may have believed that writing a letter planning treason was treason but more likely he simply wanted to destroy Burr. Clearly, Jefferson let his own bias and vindictiveness drive his behavior and in so doing violated the very thing he tried so hard to protect, the Constitution. While he didn’t succeed in getting Burr convicted he did accomplish the driving objective. After the trial Burr was so hated by the public that he was almost lynched in the streets and was forced to flee America in a disguise to Europe where he stayed for four years in complete poverty. When he finally return ed to United States his daughter and young grandson died at sea. The Paths of Yoga EssayOn his deathbed in 1836 a friend asked Burr if he had ever intended to separate the West from the Union. Burr responded, â€Å"NO! I would as soon have thought of taking possession of the moon and informing my friends that I intended to divide it among them.† Still, as an example of how politicians use speech filled with noble sentiments to pursue the basest of political aims, the trial of Aaron Burr remains relevant. Those shocked by the self serving behavior during our last presidential electionlamenting the passing of more dignified timesmay, by studying history, find that things really haven’t changed that much at all. History

Improve Business at Camden Based Indian Restaurant

Question: Discuss about theImprove Business at Camden Based Indian Restaurant. Answer: Introduction to Literature review: The Indian food industry has been experiencing enormous growth over the past few years. It has been seen that most of the Indian restaurants have been expanding their business across the global platform (Kang et al. 2012). Without expanding the business into the global market, the organization would not be able to experience huge margin of profit within the limited timeline. It has been seen that the limited global presence of the restaurants business has created difficulties for them in enhancing the market share in an efficient manner. In this context, a brief literature review has been formed based on the different point of views of the previous researcher. The particular assignment has highlighted the discussion of the different topics such as the growth of the Indian restaurants in the UK market, the market opportunities for the restaurants business on the global platform, etc. Topic 1: The Growth of the Indian Restaurants in UK Market By analyzing the UK restaurant market, it can be assessed that the market is expected to reach 48.2bn as of 2014 (Lane 2013). The UK government has discussed that the food industry has been experiencing the enormous growth in recent years due to the enhanced customer demand. There is a large community in the UK consists of Indian citizenship. Therefore, the demand of the Indian restaurants has been growing in an efficient manner. However, at the initial stage, the British did not accept the Indian restaurants due to the uncommon food menu. Gradually, the food preferences of British people have changed. Consequently, the particular industry has been enhancing the business in an appropriate manner. By analyzing the recent business report, it can be assessed that the number of Indian restaurants has increased more than 10000 (Ryu et al. 2012). The Indian restaurants in the UK have been utilizing both domestic and foreign customers in order to enhance the business effectiveness in an app ropriate manner. In most of the cases, the food price has been influencing the British customers to have the food experiences. According to Gupta, Dasgupta and Chaudhuri (2012), the Indian restaurants have been trying to engage the audiences through their delicious food menu. Nowadays, the demands of the good food have been increasing, as most of the communal people faced difficulties in cooking delicious food at home. In a busy life schedule, it becomes challenging to the family members to manage adequate time for cooking. On the other hand, the increased popularity of the Indian restaurants has been facilitating the organizations in engaging a large number of customers in the business. Vij (2012) has argued that the Indian restaurant's chain is very small in compared to the UK or US restaurant chain. However, the spicy and delicious food menu have been contributing extra benefits to the organization in enhancing the business in a structured manner Topic 2: Changing Food Demand: Over the past few years, the food preferences of the British people have been changing is a drastic manner. At the initial stage of the business, the British community has not accepted the Indian restaurants. However, the Indian restaurants have been upholding the quality of the food in order to engage the British people along with the Indian community. Chand and Katou (2012) have agreed with the fact that the food demand has been changing in recent years. Previously, people tried to make their favorite food at home. However, the busy life schedule has made several challenges for the people in managing time for cooking at home. Consequently, the demands of the processed food and the restaurants have been increasingly popular. Due to the enhancement of the restaurant chain in the UK market, the Indian restaurants have initiated footstep in order to establish their food venture in an efficient manner. Gormley, Rawal and Little (2012) have highlighted the fact that the spicy food catego ry has been facilitating the Indian restaurants to increase its popularity across the global platform. Most of the Indian restaurants have been focusing on providing the spicy food menu to the people in order to attract them in an appropriate manner. It has been seen that the dishes like Tandoori Chicken, Seafood special, Tandoori mix grill, etc. have been increasingly popular in the UK market. The food lovers of UK have been favoring these spicy dishes (Chhabra et al. 2013). Moreover, the prices of the dishes are very less in compared to traditional British dishes. Consequently, it facilitates the particular restaurant organizations in enhancing the business opportunities in an effectual manner. Besides the popular Indian dishes, the traditional dishes also capable of engaging the British customers into the business. The prime focus of these Indian restaurants is to engage a huge number of British people for having the spicy and delicious food experiences. Most of the restaurant's owners are aware of the fact that the Indian community living in the UK would favor their food, but it would be quite a difficult task for them to engage the British community in the business. Hence, the restaurants are more cautious to serve the spicy and delicious food to the British community. Topic 3: Globalization of the Indian Restaurant During the mid-century, the Indian restaurants have been experiencing the growth across the international market. Cappellini and Yen (2013) has identified the fact that the Indian cuisines are more supposed to develop business in many countries due to their enhanced food products. It can be assessed that over 10000 restaurants have been enhancing their business opportunities across the global platforms. There is a huge impact on the food industry due to the globalization. in the recent years, the business opportunities for the food industry has been increasing in an effectual manner. Most of the international governments have been providing adequate opportunities to the small and medium enterprises in establishing their business in the international market. For example, the UK government has been providing the huge contribution to the new food ventures coming from different parts of the world in order to enhance the globalization. Chand and Katou (2012) has argued that the involvemen t of the foreign customers in the business indeed influence the restaurant owners in expanding the business in an efficient manner. According to the global food trade, there are huge opportunities for the Indian restaurants to establish the business across the international market. On the other hand, the globally growing population also influences the restaurant business in an effectual manner. Besides this, the immense influence of the multilateral culture has been influencing the restaurants business for expanding across the global platform. Topic 4: Challenges of Indian Restaurants in Establishing Business in UK By discussing the challenging situation of the Indian restaurants, it can be assessed that the financial resource creates the difficulties for business enhancement across the domestic market. At the initial stage of the business, the Indian restaurant owners find difficulties in identifying the destination for establishing the trade in an effectual manner (Gupta, Dasgupta and Chaudhuri 2012). However, the organizations have successfully evaluated the popular destinations in the UK for the establishment of the business. For example, Camden in London has become one of the favorite destinations for the Indian restaurants to start up the business. After identifying the business destination, the organization needs to accumulate the adequate the financial resources for establishing the trade in a structured manner. For achieving the success in the foreign market, the Indian restaurants need to utilize the huge financial resources at the initial stage. Hence, it becomes difficult situation for most of the small and medium enterprises, as they often fail to arrange such business requirements. Besides this, the new restaurants also need to follow the guideline of the UK government in order to execute the business in an efficient manner (Lane 2013). In most of the cases, the foreign organizations face difficulties to set up a new business due to the different legislations. After the establishment of the business in the foreign market, the restaurants need to identify the potential customers. Without identifying the customers, the restaurants would not be able to experience proper expansion in the business. The Indian restaurants, at the initial stage, find difficulties in engaging the British customers into the business. For accessing the market in an efficient manner, the restaurant chain needs to identify the flaws in the business. Hence, it can be assessed that the Indian restaurants have to face immense challenges in opening a new food venture in the UK. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the particular assignment has focused on developing a literature review on the improvement of the Indian restaurants in the overseas market. Throughout this assignment, a different point of views of the previous researcher has been highlighted in context to the growth of the Indian restaurants in the overseas market like UK. The growth of the Indian restaurants has been discussed in an efficient manner along with the changing food nature of the British community. Over the past decade, the British community has preferred the spicy and delicious food of India. Due to the diversified food menu, most of the British people have been showing adequate interest on having the delicious food experiences from the Indian multi cuisine restaurants. The particular research paper has highlighted the enormous growth opportunities of the Indian restaurants in the UK market. References: Cappellini, B. and Yen, D.A.W., 2013. Little Emperors in the UK: Acculturation and food over time.Journal of Business Research,66(8), pp.968-974. Chand, M. and Katou, A.A., 2012. Strategic determinants for the selection of partner alliances in the Indian tour operator industry: A cross-national study.Journal of World Business,47(2), pp.167-177. Chhabra, D., Lee, W., Zhao, S. and Scott, K., 2013. Marketing of ethnic food experiences: Authentication analysis of Indian cuisine abroad.Journal of Heritage Tourism,8(2-3), pp.145-157. Fielding, S.A., 2014. Currying Flavor: Authenticity, Cultural Capital, and the Rise of Indian Food in the United Kingdom. InThe Paradox of Authenticity in a Globalized World(pp. 35-52). Palgrave Macmillan US. Gormley, F.J., Rawal, N. and Little, C.L., 2012. Choose your menu wisely: cuisine-associated food-poisoning risks in restaurants in England and Wales.Epidemiology and infection,140(06), pp.997-1007. Gupta, S., Dasgupta, S. and Chaudhuri, R., 2012. Critical success factors for experiential marketing: evidences from the Indian hospitality industry.International Journal of Services and Operations Management,11(3), pp.314-334. Kang, K.H., Stein, L., Heo, C.Y. and Lee, S., 2012. Consumers willingness to pay for green initiatives of the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,31(2), pp.564-572. Lane, C., 2013. Taste makers in the fine-dining restaurant industry: The attribution of aesthetic and economic value by gastronomic guides.Poetics,41(4), pp.342-365. Ryu, K., Lee, H.R. and Gon Kim, W., 2012. The influence of the quality of the physical environment, food, and service on restaurant image, customer perceived value, customer satisfaction, and behavioral intentions.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,24(2), pp.200-223. Vij, M., 2012. A survey of factors influencing cost structures in the Indian hotel sector.Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes,4(5), pp.449-462.

Literature Review Evaluation Part of the Studies

Question: Undertake a Literature Review on the dimensions and antecedents of organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). The review is to focus solely on refereed academic publications? Answer: Introduction The report which is on the basis of the evaluation part of the studies is mainly on the basis on the literature part of the selected area. In this review it describes, evaluate, summarize and also clarify the literature. The literature review maintains some of the basic gathering which remains constant is listed below: Offer a brief context which is more related to the research. Provide the brief justification of the research. Proper illustration of the subject which are studied on the previous basis. In this particular study, researcher use some of the selected journal which are already published to give the proper support on the basis of the topic of the research and also conduct the analysis on the detailed manner. Contextual and the direct effects of the individual values on the organizational citizenship behavior of the team Organizational citizenship behaviors are actually some of the actions on the basis of the discretionary and not recognized by some of the reward systems which aggregately improve all the functioning of the organization. It is mainly similar to some of the contextual performance which enhance in both the psychological and the social context on the basis of which the performance of the task occurs. Some of the examples which are related to OCBs include taking the extra activities which are not the technical part of the job, tolerate some of the minor nuisance without any of the complaint and also includes becoming helpful to the other colleagues. Even though OCBs are not enforced on the general basis it includes the part of the some ones official duties and also nonetheless critical on the basis of the organizational success. Researcher then directed some of the considerable effort in doing the proper determination of the behavior of the precursors of the citizenship; it also helps in doing the better understand so that it can forward the expression which is on the basis of the work place (Khan, 2014). It also does the proper utilization of the Schwartzs values theory which is used as an integrative structure of the framework which helps in testing the relationship between the organizational citizenship behavior and also the individual behavior of the team, control of the sex, personality traits and also the satisfaction (Parshikova et al., 2014). With the help of hierarchical linear modeling in the sample of some 582 students among the 135 project teams, it is found positive, cause some of the direct effects in the achievements of the citizenship behaviors. The HLM method with some of the random variable used to test the direct effect of the hypotheses. In this technique it allows to do the examination of the individual predictor level variables in taking account of the group level variation on the basis of the dependent level variable. It also conduct some of the sequence of ANOVAs on the basis of OCB dimensions which are used to do the proper examination of the HLM precondition which are more significant. According to ((Lemmon and Wayne, 2014)), interaction terms of team mean are also preferred process for doing the testing effects of the rational similarity. Team mean value is calculated from the scores of the individual level value. By concluding this journal(Arthaud-Day, M., Rode, J., Turnley. W., (2012), it utilized the Schwartzs theory on the basis of the human values which integrate the previous studies of the value-OCB relationship, it also propose the hypotheses on the basis motivational areas of the Schw3artzs theory. At first it is needed to select the sample of some of the 582 students which are distributed among the 135 project teams, the sample size is larger which permit the inclusion of the multiple control variation. In the second part, the peer rating of the OCB is utilized by the team members, by collecting the all OCB data of the several weeks after completing the individual values, survey on the attitudinal basis and also on the basis of personality traits. In the third part, by doing the proper utilization of the HLM technique, it becomes very possible to examine the causing effects of the value similarities among the individual and also the teammates. In this research it clearly indicates tha t the individual value causes an effect on the OCB above and also established some of the predictors including the personal traits and also the satisfaction. Job satisfaction and the organizational citezenship behavior In this journal, it is mainly evaluated the job satisfaction and the organizational citizenship behavior on the basis of any learning institution of Malaysia (Jehad Mohammad* , Farzana Quoquab Habib and Mohmad Adnan Alias, July 2011). The researcher of this journal tells about the two dimensions of the citizenship behavior of the organization and also examines how the organizational citizenship behaviors are related to the two features of the job satisfaction. In this paper first the orientation on the theoretical basis is introduced and in next it includes some of the relevant literature discussions on the basis of the theoretical framework, in the third the selected methodology and also the findings are also analyzed in the third or last it tells about the conclusions, discussions and also the future impacts are discussed (Arthaud-Day, Rode and Turnley, 2012). Both the job satisfaction and the OCB are positively related to each other. (Ludwig and Frazier, 2012) found a relationship which is strong and also positive between the job satisfaction and also the OCB. The most built strongest and the consistent relationships on the basis of supervision and the framework. In doing the proper analysis of the job satisfaction it used the quantitative method analysis in which the researcher distributes some of the 100 questionnaires among all the staffs of the institution. Some of the 40 questionnaires were circulated amongst the library staff and the last 60 questionnaires are distributed among the faculty members. Amongst the entire questionnaire the numbers of 79 questionnaires can be utilized. In the questionnaire it includes the three parts Demographic behavior of the respondents, Measurement of the values of OCBI and OCBO, Measurement of the values which are used in the job satisfaction. In this study all the subset scales by the high internal consistency (Cha and Shin, 2014). On the other hand, the researcher of this particular study does not understand the dimension process regarding the job satisfaction of the Organizational Citizenship Behavior. The inhabitants of this particular study provide some of the bias information so that it can save the job of the respected organization (Mohammed and Alipour, 2014). Apart from this, their working condition by concerning this study was very poor in nature which does not make able to gather some of the inappropriate information regarding this study. The possible result of this study points out that both the extrinsic and the intrinsic job satisfactions are positively related to the OCBO except the OCBI. The result concluded that both the intrinsic and the extrinsic features of the job satisfaction are important variables in doing the prediction of the citizenship behavior. But the priority needs to be given both the extrinsic and the intrinsic variables so that it can encourage and also bring the willingness to achieve some of the organizational goals (Castaneda and Scanlan, 2014). For doing some of the future work on the basis of this study, the researcher needs to engage more number of the staffs by utilizing the proper process and also the norms so that it can easily motivate the staff with the availability of the right information which will become more effective and also successful in conducting the study (Pfeffer and DeVoe, 2012). Individual behavior, personality and the values As stated in this journal (Steven L. McShane and Mary Ann Von Glinow, , 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education), it first introduce some of the learning objectives which includes the four factors which can directly influence the performance and the behavior of the individual, it also does the summarization of the different types of the individual behavior of the organization. It also discusses the three types of the ethical principles which can manipulate the ethical behavior. It also gives the discussion of the personality and also describes the personality dimensions which relate the behavior of the individual of the organization. This journal mainly summarizes all the learning objectives of the individual behavior, personality traits and the values. In this journal it also includes some of the critical based questions which do the proper analysis of the mentioned topics. The questionnaire on the basis of these mentioned topics are circulated among some of the employees of the organization which mainly on the basis of the motivation, personality traits etc. then the responses are analyzed on the basis of the some selective scales consisting of the following dimensions which includes: consistency, emotional stability, extraversion, agreeableness and also the openness to the experience (Ludwig, 2012). Researcher introduced some of the factors on the basis of this study is constructed and also introduced some of the hypothesis on the basis of this the collected data and the information are generated and also analyzed. To do the proper analysis, the researcher introduced the quantitative analysis of the technique to do the proper analysis and also becomes suitable to generate the suitable research report of the study (Ludwig and Frazier, 2012). For doing the future analysis, the researcher needs to collect more information on the basis of the individual behavior and the personal traits so that it becomes easier to conduct the analysis by using some of the appropriate tools. It also allows the researcher in doing the proper identification and also the differentiation of the individual personal traits, values and the behavior. Conclusion By concluding the above study it summarizes that both the intrinsic and the extrinsic factors are the two main dimensions for conducting the study related to the organizational citizenship behavior. However, it also found that the appropriate analysis of the organizational citizenship behavior and the job satisfaction are some of the major things in doing the development of the business and also needs to maintain the concern responsibilities and the duties in developing the objectives and the goals of the organization. References Arthaud-Day, M., Rode, J., Turnley. W., (2012), Direct and Contextual Effects of Individual Values on Organizational Citizenship Behavior in Teams: journal of Running Head: VALUES AND OCB, volume. pp-97(4), 792-807. Jehad Mohammad* , Farzana Quoquab Habib and Mohmad Adnan Alias., Asian Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2, 149165, July 2011. Steven L. McShane and Mary Ann Von Glinow., the University of Western Australia, Chapter 2: Individual Behavior, Personality, and Values, 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. Arthaud-Day, M., Rode, J. and Turnley, W. (2012). Direct and contextual effects of individual values on organizational citizenship behavior in teams. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(4), pp.792-807. Castaneda, G. and Scanlan, J. (2014). Job Satisfaction in Nursing: A Concept Analysis. Nurs Forum, 49(2), pp.130-138. Cha, S. and Shin, Y. (2014). Job Stress and Job Satisfaction of Estimators in Korean Construction Company. AMM, 501-504, pp.2646-2649. Khan, T. (2014). Job Satisfaction and Job Performance, A Study on Colleges of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Scientific Research and Reports, 3(23), pp.2972-2981. Lemmon, G. and Wayne, S. (2014). Underlying Motives of Organizational Citizenship Behavior: Comparing Egoistic and Altruistic Motivations. Journal of Leadership Organizational Studies. Ludwig, T. (2012). Ramona Houmanfar to Be Next Editor of the Journal of Organizational Behavior Management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 32(4), pp.271-273. Ludwig, T. and Frazier, C. (2012). Employee Engagement and Organizational Behavior Management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 32(1), pp.75-82. Ludwig, T. and Frazier, C. (2012). Employee Engagement and Organizational Behavior Management. Journal of Organizational Behavior Management, 32(1), pp.75-82. Mohammed, S. and Alipour, K. (2014). It's Time for Temporal Leadership: Individual, Dyadic, Team, and Organizational Effects. Ind Organ Psychol, 7(2), pp.178-182. Parshikova, O., Chertkova, Y., Alekseeva, O. and Kozlova, I. (2014). Assortative mating: Personality and values. Personality and Individual Differences, 60, p.S51. Pfeffer, J. and DeVoe, S. (2012). The economic evaluation of time: Organizational causes and individual consequences. Research in Organizational Behavior, 32, pp.47-62.

David Hume Essays (2083 words) - Thought, Philosophy Of Science

David Hume What Came First: The Chicken or the Egg? David Hume moves through a logical progression of the ideas behind cause and effect. He critically analyzes the reasons behind those generally accepted ideas. Though the relation of cause and effect seems to be completely logical and based on common sense, he discusses our impressions and ideas and why they are believed. Humes progression, starting with his initial definition of cause, to his final conclusion in his doctrine on causality. As a result, it proves how Humes argument on causality follows the same path as his epistemology, with the two ideas complimenting each other so that it is rationally impossible to accept the epistemology and not accept his argument on causality. Hume starts by explaining definitions of causes and characteristics that make up the popular definition of cause. Contiguity is the idea that things go together, or are results of each other. Whatever objects operate together as causes and effects are seen as contiguous. There are chains of causes that lead to every effect, whether or not they can be discovered they are presumed to exist. As Hume puts it, Heat and light are collateral effects of fire, and the one effect may justly be inferred from the other (160). Along with contiguity is the concept of succession. The cause must precede the effect. An object can be contiguous and occur prior to another without being its cause, a necessary connection between the two must be established. The relation of cause to effect does not depend on the known qualities of objects, but instead on the ideas of contiguity and succession, which are imperfect. Hume refutes the definition of cause as something productive of another, because cause and p roduction are synonymous, and therefore one definition using the other is circular. Hume questions why it is necessary that everything whose existence has a beginning, should also have a cause. He also questions why particular causes must have such particular effects, and why is an inference drawn from one to the other. The statement that whatever has a beginning has also a cause of existence is not implied by any of the relations of resemblance, proportions in quantity and number, degrees of any quality, or contrariety; therefore, it is not able to be refutable using reason. Using that logic states that everything that exists must have a beginning, thus needing a cause. If it didnt have a cause then it would have had to produce itself, and that logic would mean that it had to exist before it existed. That argument contradicts itself, because it uses itself as a cause for existence in its premise, when it is proving the concept of cause being a necessity. Therefore, it begs the ques tion to prove cause and effect by relying on the conclusion to prove the premise. The ideas of cause and effect cannot vary too far from actual impressions of the mind or ideas from the memory. We must first establish the existence of causes before we can infer effects from them. We have only two ways of doing that, either by an immediate perception of our memory or senses, called impressions, or, by an inference from other causes, called thoughts. For example, A man finding a watch or any other machine in a desert island would conclude that there had once been men in that island (160). Regardless of the source of the impression, the imagination and perceptions of the senses are the foundation for the reasoning that traces the relation of cause and effect. The inference that we draw from cause to effect does not come from a dependence on the two concepts to each other or from a rational objective look at the two. One object does not imply the existence of any other. All distinct ideas are separable, as are the ideas of cause and effect. The only way that we can infer the existence of one object from another is through experience. Contiguity and succession are not sufficient to make us pronounce any two objects to be cause and effect, unless we perceive, that these two relations are preserved in several circumstances. Instances of which we have had no experience, must resemble those, of

Oskar Kokoschka Essays (945 words) - Wiener Werksttte,

Oskar Kokoschka Oskar Kokoschka Kokoschka was born in P^chlarn, a Danube town, on March 1, 1886. He studied at the Vienna School of Arts and Crafts from 1905 to 1908. As an early exponent of the avant-garde expressionist movement, he began to paint psychologically penetrating portraits of Viennese physicians, architects, and artists. Among these works are Hans Tietze and Erica Tietze-Conrat (1909, Museum of Modern Art, New York City), August Forel (1910, Mannheim Art Gallery, Germany), and Self-Portrait (1913, Museum of Modern Art). Kokoschka was wounded in World War I (1914-1918) and diagnosed as psychologically unstable. He taught art at the Dresden Academy from 1919 to 1924. During this time he painted The Power of Music (1919, Dresden Paintings Collection, Dresden). A succeeding seven-year period of travel in Europe and the Middle East resulted in a number of robust, brilliantly colored landscapes and figure pieces, painted with great freedom and exuberance. Many of them are views of harbors, mountains, and cities. Kokoschka, one of the artists denounced by the Nazi government of Germany as degenerate, moved in 1938 to England, where he painted antiwar pictures during World War II (1939-1945) and became a British subject in 1947. After the war he visited the United States and settled in Switzerland. He died in Montreux on February 22, 1980. Best known as a painter, Kokoschka was also a writer. His literary works include poetry and plays not translated into English and a collection of short stories, A Sea Ringed with Visions (1956; translated 1962). His father was a silversmith from Prague who experienced financial difficulties when the market for such handcrafted goods dried out with mass industrialization. Oskar^s exposure to his father^s craftsmanship, however, was said to play a large part in his art and enthusiasm for craftsmanship. In 1908, a book called The Dreaming Youths was published, and it featured illustrations by Kokoschka. They were done in a style that was indebted to Gustav Klimt, whose Secession group was going strong at the time. Kokoschka was teaching at the School of Arts and Crafts where he had studied himself under Franz Cizek. Cizek was among the first to recognize the young artist^s talents. In Vienna, Kokoschka wrote dramas such as The Assassin, Murderer, and The Hope of Women; and they, along with his art, were considered too radical for the aristocracy. Despite support from architect Adolf Loos and good reaction from his participation in the 1908 and 1909 exhibits at the Kunstschau, Vienna was not kind to Kokoschka. In 1910, he moved to Berlin. In Berlin, he got the help of Herwarth Walden, the founder and editor of the art journal Der Sturm and a proponent of Expressionism. Until the outset of World War I, Kokoschka painted portraits of German (and Austrian) intelligentsia in a style he called black painting, as they, in his words, painted the soul^s dirtiness. His portrait of poet Peter Altenberg, made in 1909, has the figure almost blending into the frame^s Expressionist background; and his portraits of Count Verona, Joseph de Montesquiou-Ferendac and Walden himself are textbook examples of the Expressionist, swirling, Van Gough-like images that evoked a sense of decadence. Between 1912 and 1914, Kokoschka had a relationship with Alma Mahler, the widow of composer Gustav Mahler. She was a woman of great influence who had inspired no less than poet Rainer Maria Rilke, and was involved also with Bauhaus founder Walter Gropius. After World War I broke out, Kokoschka volunteered for the Imperial and Royal 15th Dragoons, and in 1915 he was sent to the front, where he was seriously injured. He was hospitalized several times in both Vienna and Stockholm and was discharged from military service in 1916. In 1919, he was appointed to a professorship at the Dresden Academy, and when he left the Academy in 1924 he traveled for a decade through Europe, North Africa and the Middle East. He then stayed a while in the artistic quarter of Paris, but he never felt at home in that environment. Eventually, he returned to Vienna, where he completed Vienna, View From the Wilhelminberg for the Vienna Municipal Council. In 1934, Kokoschka moved to Prague after being alarmed by political developments in Germany and Austria. There he met Olda Pavlovska, who would later become his wife, and also Thomas Masaryk, the first president of the Czech Republic. In Prague, he voiced his displeasure with the Nazi regime in Germany; and as a result, his work was considered degenerate art by the Nazis. When Germany annexed Austria in 1938 and occupied Czechoslovakia that same year, Kokoschka fled to England with Olda. Kokoschka sold and donated

How Carbon-14 Is Used To Date Artifacts

How Carbon-14 Is Used To Date Artifacts In the 1950s W.F. Libby and others (University of Chicago) devised a method of estimating the age of organic material based on the decay rate of carbon-14. Carbon-14 dating can be used on objects ranging from a few hundred years old to 50,000 years old. What Is Carbon-14? Carbon-14 is produced in the atmosphere when neutrons from cosmic radiation react with nitrogen atoms: 147N 10n → 146C 11H Free carbon, including the carbon-14 produced in this reaction, can react to form carbon dioxide, a component of air. Atmospheric carbon dioxide, CO2, has a steady-state concentration of about one atom of carbon-14 per every 1012 atoms of carbon-12. Living plants and animals that eat plants (like people) take in carbon dioxide and have the same 14C/12C ratio as the atmosphere. However, when a plant or animal dies, it stops taking in carbon as food or air. The radioactive decay of the carbon that is already present starts to change the ratio of 14C/12C. By measuring how much the ratio is lowered, it is possible to make an estimate of how much time has passed since the plant or animal lived. The decay of carbon-14 is: 146C → 147N 0-1e (half-life is 5720 years) Example Problem A scrap of paper taken from the Dead Sea Scrolls was found to have a 14C/12C ratio of 0.795 times that found in plants living today. Estimate the age of the scroll. Solution The half-life of carbon-14 is known to be 5720 years.​ Radioactive decay is a first order rate process, which means the reaction proceeds according to the following equation: log10 X0/X kt / 2.30 where X0 is the quantity of radioactive material at time zero, X is the amount remaining after time t, and k is the first order rate constant, which is a characteristic of the isotope undergoing decay. Decay rates are usually expressed in terms of their half-life instead of the first order rate constant, where k 0.693 / t1/2 so for this problem: k 0.693 / 5720 years 1.21 x 10-4/year log X0 / X [(1.21 x 10-4/year] x t] / 2.30 X 0.795 X0, so log X0 / X log 1.000/0.795 log 1.26 0.100 therefore, 0.100 [(1.21 x 10-4/year) x t] / 2.30 t 1900 years

Impossible Nest Pas Français

Impossible N'est Pas Franà §ais The French expression impossible nest pas franà §ais is actually a proverb, equivalent to theres no such thing as cant or simply nothing is impossible. In French, you should never say that something is impossible, because, according to the proverb,  impossible isnt even a French word. Likewise, in English, you should never say that you cant do something because the concept of cant doesnt exist. In other words, nothing is impossible and there isnt anything you cant do. It would make a good motivational poster in either language (if youre into that kind of thing). Expression: Impossible nest pas franà §aisPronunciation: eh(n) puh seebl nay pa fra(n) sayMeaning: Theres no such thing as cantLiteral translation: Impossible isnt FrenchRegister: normal Example Tout le monde mavait dit que cà ©tait impossible  ; moi, je leur ai rà ©pondu qu «Ã‚  impossible nest pas franà §ais  Ã‚ » et puis je lai fait. Everyone told me you cant do that; I told them that theres no such thing as cant and then I did it.

Major programmes are just scaled-up projects. Do you agree or disagree Assignment

Major programmes are just scaled-up projects. Do you agree or disagree with this statement Explain your answer with reference to the implications for Major Programme Managers - Assignment Example I am absolutely sure a programme manager faces complementary challenges to managing various project leaders. This assignment will examine why major programmes cannot be termed as scale-up projects, and the implications on a major programme manager. Programmes cannot and should not be treated as scale-up projects. After performing a comparative biometric study of 517 program articles and a 1164 project articles published in the last 21 years in leading scientific business journals, Artto, Martinsuo, Gemunden, Murtuaro; found that projects relate dominantly to the product development theme, but programs relate to a wide variety of management themes. Examples include; manufacturing, quality, organizational change, change in work and industry, and product development. The level of analysis with programs seems to be an organization and its major parts. Project articles, on the other hand, seem to focus on single project level issues. The object of programmes is the change of a permanent organization. With projects, the permanent organization is a given factor that dictates criteria and enablers for project success (Artto, Martinsuo, Gemunden, Murtuaro, 2007). A programme manager faces organizational outcomes related challenges. The major challenge of the programme manager is the coordination of structures and processes used to manage multiple inter-related projects in the organization (Partington, Pellegrinelli, Toung, 2004). Programmes are a collection of change actions that might include both projects and non-project actions (Thiry, The Wiley Guide). Programme managers are accountable for the running of major functions in the corporation. They ensure the horizontal integration of projects and processes for the formulation of business strategies. They are also responsible for the vertical integration approach of projects across the project portfolio. Closing, through governance, the gap between corporate goals and product

Cultural studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Cultural studies - Essay Example In the present situations, media has adopted diversified roles, and has therefore got immense popularity among the public, the media had offered much beyond entertainment to its viewers and readers, and has included different programs and articles with particular reference to business, modern technology, healthcare, space and many other happenings around the world (Arthur, 2005). The commercialization of the media is regarded as the excessive involvement of the advertisements into product, in the present days very element within the media is in quest to secure maximum financial gains through advertisement campaigns, but such media agencies have been cautious enough not to affect the quality of their product, and therefore such advertisement campaigns are preferred through which maximum financial benefits can be achieved by the media (Tharp, 2001). The advertisement plans has adopted a major shift, the focus from the publication of the characteristics of the brand has shifted to the psychological needs of the consumer. The consumer of the specific brand is highlighted for the brand promotion purpose, against the attributions of the brand itself. It is common to observe the photographs of the female models with every brand advertisement, the women body adds more spice to the brand, and be it foods or automobiles. The advertisement industry has observed success in their brand promotion for specific campaigns that involved women models in particular. Several factors have been identified which shall bring about appropriate understanding of the women inclusion on brand promotion i.e. the women itself is source of attraction for the male consumers, therefore the inclusion of the women in any of the advertisement ensures reasonable market shares of the male community. The women portrayed in these brands are glamorous and sexy; such p rojection is regarded as the convenient method for the brand promotion (Tharp, 2001). The inclusion of the

Worldviews applied Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Worldviews applied - Essay Example Post-modern women prefer to have an abortion if they are financially unable to cope with raising a child. Pregnancies that are not planned leave the future mother with a tough choice to make. If she does not have a boyfriend or partner, then she would have to raise the child on her own. Going through with the baby would mean that she would need to take time off work perhaps a couple of months before the baby is born and then a few months after the birth. For a woman who has built a solid career for herself, this can act as a deterrent to having a baby. The cost involved with raising a child can also be probative, and it may prevent a woman from achieving financial security. Another reason why post-modern women favor abortions is because of the hindrance a baby would be on their social lives. Young women generally like to go out with friends to parties, go shopping at the mall, and take trips overseas during their holidays. The presence of a young child changes all that completely because all of a sudden the child’s needs must be put first. What cannot be disputed is that having a baby changes a woman’s social life completely, and some woman are just not willing to accept that and so choose to get abortions. The final reason why post-modern women choose to receive abortions is because of the physical harm that a woman has to go through to deliver a baby. Getting pregnant as a result of incest or rape is something that many women go through each year, and some choose to abort because of the shame at having gone through such a physical ordeal. Still, other women prefer to get an abortion because of the negative changes their bodies will experience over the course of pregnancy and even for months after. A woman’s body has to accommodate a child, and this can change the physical complexion of a woman completely. In conclusion, post-women are empowered to make their own choices

History of Germany Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

History of Germany - Assignment Example 2. The environmental concerns were multiple. First of all, because of enormous coal mining in Germany, the coal resources were slowly reducing; moreover, because of the coal mining there were huge mounds of rock and waste of the industry, which occupied huge territories. Also, development of industries was gradually destroying atmosphere and polluting air. Furthermore, the issue of air pollution was extremely important in those times, because they were new and people hadn’t yet created any solutions for the issues like that. The population boom rose up a question concerning overpopulation in Germany and hence the demand for production of goods and resources also increased, which led to partial depletion of natural resources. 3. Weimar Constitution was very vicious as it was extremely delusional in its democratic focus. First of all, it made people think that they lived in democratic republic and had their right to take control over political power. In fact, it helped Hitler to rise to power, as he used the opportunity of free speech and liberal values in order to establish his authoritarian power. The problem was that Hitler’s party was the biggest in those times and therefore it acquired more votes than any other party in the elections of 1933. Moreover, people were dissatisfied with Socialist Democrats ruling, so Hitler’s party was the only appropriate choice for them. 4. The very first reason why women voted for Hitler back in 1933 was that Nazi Party was proclaimed to be a Christian party and they stated that they were standing for Christianity, so women, who are considered to be greater fighters for their religious values than men, were glad that such a religious party was going to rule. Talking about urban women, they were more open-minded and well-informed of what was going on in the country, so voting for Nazi Party was the only choice for them, as well as for the men who agreed that Socialist